Cross-Cultural Communication Dr. Elisabeth Kuhn

ekuhn@vcu.edu

Robin Lakoff's Theory of Politeness:

1. Distance "Don't impose"

2. Deference "Give options"

3. Camaraderie "Be friendly"

Small talk etc.:

Small talk – function(s), appropriate subject matter, techniques, etc.

Boundaries for various subjects:

Friends vs. "friends" -- different approaches to building relationships

Values: Equality, smooth interaction, friendliness, work ethic

Differences in information organization & presentation:

linear, with sign posts; KISS ("keep it simple, silly"; i.e., linear, straightforward, without detours) (U.S.)

vs.

lots of background, detours permitted, roundabout, fewer sign posts. intellectual & complex

(many other places)

Conversational signals that can be used differently and cause misunderstandings:

pacing/pausing, turn-taking, loudness, pitch, intonation pattern, feedback, asking questions, ritual complaining, self-disclosure

Other trouble spots: differences in the use of indirectness and body language/non-verbal communication.

More Resources:

Video: American Tongues (on American dialects)

Web link: http://www.cnam.com/page2.html